Kyriakos D. Papadopoulos

Our research focuses on some of the phenomena that are important in the separation, transport and reaction processes of particulate systems, with emphasis on environmental, drug delivery and lubricant-technology applications. In a mixed-waste suspension, colloids may aggregate and form particles that are large enough to settle (coagulation), or they may resist aggregation thus averting solid-liquid separation (colloid stability). The process of coagulation is routinely used for concentrating waste in industrial water effluents. In our research, we have proposed theoretical models to explain coagulation processes in concentrated suspensions and have conducted experiments to confront the theory. We have also studied suspension and emulsion flows through sand-packed beds, in order to determine the conditions that favor particle aggregation and droplet coalescence and entrapment, or conversely, their free passage through the porous network of the soil.

In soil bioremediation processes, bacteria metabolize toxic organic compounds. We have investigated the transport of such bacteria through capillaries that are models for soil pores. In our capillaries, which may have a diameter of only three microns, we have visually studied the random motility and chemotactic behavior of E. Coli. We have observed and reported a new mode of motility in capillaries, the unidirectional motility, which explains how bacteria can access contaminants in soil pores with dimensions that are comparable to their own.

Our capillary video-microscopy technique has allowed the discovery of a phenomenon in the stability of double emulsions, or emulsion liquid membranes, used for separations, drug delivery, red-blood-cell substitutes etc. A new finding was that the internal droplets inside a suspended globule (say small water droplets inside a big oil droplet, which is in turn suspended in water) do not coalesce among themselves. Some of our recent studies include (i) the development of an optical-microscopic test for improving marine-engine lubrication oils, (ii) the transport of water through liquid-emulsion membranes under osmotic pressure for drug delivery applications, and (iii) the role of humic substances in colloid-facilitated transport.

CV

Kyriakos D. Papadopoulos, Professor
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University,
New Orleans LA

Professional Preparation:
Columbia University, Department of Chemical Engineering, DEngSC (May '82), MS (Jan '80), BS (May '78)

Appointments:
Tulane University, Professor (July 1992-present), Chair (July 1998-Dec 2001), Associate Professor (July 19850-June 1992), Assistant Professor (July 1981-June 1985)
Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories (Rahway, New Jersey), Visiting Engineering Fellow (Summer 1985)
Eniricerche (Milan, Italy), Visiting Senior Scientist (July 1987-July 1988)
Tokyo University of Science, Visiting Professor (short visits in 2009, 2010)

Honors-Awards:
Editorial Board (since 1994), Colloids Surfaces A. Physicochem. Eng. Aspects
"Tulane Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching" [campus-wide], (1999)
"Lee Johnson Excellence-in-Teaching Award", Society of Tulane Engineers [engineering-school wide], (1990, 2002)
"Outstanding Teaching" Awards, Tulane Student Chapters of AIChE and Omega Chi Epsilon (1990, 1991, 1992, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2006)

Five Selected Journal Articles (from a total of 77):
P. Zhu. Q. Wang, Y. A. Jaimes-Lizcano, and K. Papadopoulos, "Packed-Bed Capillary Microscopy on BP-Oil-Spill Oil in Porous Media," in Oil Spill Remediation: Colloid Chemistry-Based Principles and Solutions, editors: P. Somasundaran, P. Partha, R.S. Farinato and K. Papadopoulos, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014, pp. 189-219. [book's Co-Editor]

Y. A. Jaimes-Lizcano, D. D. Hunn, and K. D. Papadopoulos, "Filamentous Escherichia coli cells swimming in tapered microcapillaries," Research in Microbiology, col. 165, pp. 166-174 (2014).

P. Zhu, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Visualization and quantification of two-phase flow in transparent miniature packed beds," Physical Review E 86, 046313 (2012)

L. J. Thibodeaux, K. T. Valsaraj, V. T. John, K. D. Papadopoulos, L. R. Pratt, N. S. Pesika, "Marine Oil Fate: Knowledge Gaps, Basic Research, and Development Needs: A Perspective Based on the Deepwater Horizon Spill," Env. Eng. Sc., 28, 87-93 (2011)

J. Zhan, T. Zheng, G. Piringer, C. Day, G. McPherson, Y. Lu, K. Papadopoulos, V. T. John, "Transport Characteristics of Nanoscale Functional Zerovalent Iron/Silica Composites for in Situ Remediation of Trichloroethylene," Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 8871-8876 (2008)

Past PhD Students:
Charles Mart [ExxonMobil]; Akira Yato [Kyocera International]; Michael Herman [International Paper]; Ashoke SenGupta [Monsanto]; Tapashi Sengupta [Mondelez International (Principal Scientist)]; Zewen Liu [Sr. Associate at JPMorgan Chase]; Srinivasa Deshiikan [Xerox]; Jayaprakash Soma [Petroferm]; Wanqui Hou [Afton Chemical]; Rong Wu [Baker Chemical]; Lixiong Wen [Beijing University of Chemical Technology (Professor and Institute Director)]; Louise Braud Lawson [Tulane Medical School (Assisstant Professor)]; Jianzhong "Tom" Fu [MeadWestvaco Coporation]; Carolina-Edith Rojas [Stepan Company]; Peixi Zhu [UT-Austin (post doc)]; Qing Wang [UT-Austin (post doc)]; Yuly-Andrea Lizcano [U of Houston (post doc)]; Miguel Garcia [Rice U (post doc)]

Synergistic Activities
- Member of current GoMRI grant
- Collaboration with ENI group on oil-spill R&D

Research Interests

Transport and stability in liquid-emulsion membranes, transport of multiphase systems through porous media, marine engine lubricants

Our research focuses on some of the phenomena that are important in the separation, transport and reaction processes of particulate systems, with emphasis on environmental, drug delivery and lubricant-technology applications. In a mixed-waste suspension, colloids may aggregate and form particles that are large enough to settle (coagulation), or they may resist aggregation thus averting solid-liquid separation (colloid stability). The process of coagulation is routinely used for concentrating waste in industrial water effluents. In our research, we have proposed theoretical models to explain coagulation processes in concentrated suspensions and have conducted experiments to confront the theory. We have also studied suspension and emulsion flows through sand-packed beds, in order to determine the conditions that favor particle aggregation and droplet coalescence and entrapment, or conversely, their free passage through the porous network of the soil.

In soil bioremediation processes, bacteria metabolize toxic organic compounds. We have investigated the transport of such bacteria through capillaries that are models for soil pores. In our capillaries, which may have a diameter of only three microns, we have visually studied the random motility and chemotactic behavior of E. Coli. We have observed and reported a new mode of motility in capillaries, the unidirectional motility, which explains how bacteria can access contaminants in soil pores with dimensions that are comparable to their own.

Our capillary video-microscopy technique has allowed the discovery of a phenomenon in the stability of double emulsions, or emulsion liquid membranes, used for separations, drug delivery, red-blood-cell substitutes etc. A new finding was that the internal droplets inside a suspended globule (say small water droplets inside a big oil droplet, which is in turn suspended in water) do not coalesce among themselves. Some of our recent studies include (i) the development of an optical-microscopic test for improving marine-engine lubrication oils, (ii) the transport of water through liquid-emulsion membranes under osmotic pressure for drug delivery applications, and (iii) the role of humic substances in colloid-facilitated transport.

Publications

Y.A. Jaimes Lizcano, L. B. Lawson, K. D. Papadopoulos, “Oil-Frozen W1/O/W2 Double Emulsions for Dermal Biomacromolecular Delivery Containing Ethanol as Chemical Penetration Enhancer,” JPharmSci (in press)

Q. Wang, G. Tan, L. B. Lawson, V. T. John, K. D. Papadopoulos, “Liposomes in Double-Emulsion-Globules,” Langmuir, 26, 3225–3231 (2010)

P. Zhu, T. V. Harris, M. S. Driver, C. B. Campbell, L. R. Pratt, K. D. Papadopoulos, “Dissolution Kinetics of [Hmim][BF4] Ionic Liquid Droplets in 1-Pentanol,” J. Phys. Chem. C, 113, 16458–16463 (2009)

J. Zhan, T. Zheng, G. Piringer, C. Day, G. McPherson, Y. Lu, K. Papadopoulos, V. T. John, “Transport Characteristics of Nanoscale Functional Zerovalent Iron/Silica Composites for in Situ Remediation of Trichloroethylene,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 8871-8876 (2008)

E.C. Rojas, J.A. Staton, V.T. John, K. D. Papadopoulos, “Temperature-induced protein release from water-in-oil-in-water double emulsions,” Langmuir, 24, 7154-7160 (2008)

J. Fu, E. Eschenazi, K. D. Papadopoulos, Conditional-Random Surveying for Particle Deposition on Mica Surface," Microscopy and Microanalysis, 13, 358-364 (2007)

Edith C. Rojas and Kyriakos D. Papadopoulos, Induction of Instability in W/O/W Double Emulsions by Freeze-Thaw Cycling, Langmuir 23, 6911-6917 (2007) (see video of FITC-BSA protein release)

J. Fu, Y. Lu, C. B. Campbell, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Ostwald Ripening: A Decisive Cause of Cylinder Corrosive Wear," Tribol. Lett. 27, 21-24 (2007) (see a series of videos, starting with 6 acid droplets, all subject to neutralization by overbased detergent in the surrounding lubricant, but also subject to Ostwald Ripening; in each video, the smallest droplet is seen to disappear as the largest drop is growing) video 1; video 2; video 3; video 4; video 5

J. Cheng, J.-F. Chen, M. Zhao, Q. Luo, L.-X. Wen, K. D. Papadopoulos, Transport of ions through the oil phase of W1/O/W2 double emulsions, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 305, 175-182 (2007)

J. Fu, Y. Lu, C. B. Campbell, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Temperature and Acid Droplet Size Effects in Acid Neutralization of Marine Cylinder Lubricants," Tribol. Lett., 22, 221-225 (2006) (to see videos that show acid neutralization by overbased lubricants, accompanied by Calcium Sulfate crystal growth, click on video 1 and video 2; RIGHT CLICK to SAVE)

Edith C. Rojas; Nurettin Sahiner; Louise Braud Lawson; Vijay T. John , Kyriakos D. Papadopoulos, "Controlled Release from a Nanocarrier Entrapped within a Microcarrier," J. Colloid Interface Sci., 301, 617-623 (2006)

J. Fu, Y. Lu, C. B. Campbell, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Acid Neutralization by Marine Cylinder Lubricants inside a Heating Capillary: Strong/Weak-Stick Collision Mechanisms," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 5619-5627 (2006)

J. Fu, Y. Lu, C. B. Campbell, K, D. Papadopoulos, "Optical Microscopy inside a Heating Capillary," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 44(5), 1199-1203 (2005)

L. B. Lawson, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Effects of a Phospholipid Cosurfactant on External Coalescence in Water-in-Oil-in-Water Double-Emulsion Globules," Colloids Surfaces A. Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 250, 337-342 (2004)

M. Gibbs, E. Eschenazi, K. D. Papadopoulos, "AFM of Iron Oxide Particles Attachment on Mica," J. Dispersion Sci. Tech., 25, 861-868 (2004)

L. Zhu, K. D. Papadopoulos, D. DeKee, "A Slotted Plate Device for Measuring Static Yield Stress," Rev. Sci. Instr, 75, 737-740 (2004)

C. Ford, M. Singh, L. Lawson, J. He, V. John, Y. Lu, K. Papadopoulos, G. McPherson, A. Bose, "Biocatalysis in the development of functional polymer-ceramic nanocomposites," Colloids Surfaces B. Biointerfaces, 39,143-150 (2004)

L. Wen, J. Cheng, H. Zou, L. Zhang, J. Chen, K. Papadopoulos, "van der Waals Interaction Between Internal Aqueous Droplets and External Aqueous Phase in Double Emulsions," Langmuir, 20 , 8391- 8397 (2004)

J. P. Hinestroza, K. Papadopoulos, "Using Spreadsheets and Visual Basic Applications as Teaching Aides for a Unit Operations Course," Chem. Eng. Ed., 37, 316-320 (2003)

C. H. Villa, L. B. Lawson, Y. Li, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Internal Coalescence as a Mechanism of Instability in Water-in-Oil-in-Water Double-Emulsion Globules," Langmuir, 19, 244 - 249, (2003) (to observe internal coalescence under exceptional conditions click on this; RIGHT CLICK to SAVE) (for external coalescence by earlier published results of our lab, see videos 1, 2 and 3; for stable double-emulsion globule see 4 and for completely unstable system 5)

H. Song, K. C. O'Connor, K. D. Papadopoulos, D. A. Jansen, "Differentiation Kinetics of in Vitro 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cultures," Tissue Eng., 8, 1071-1081 (2002)

L. Zhu, K. D. Papadopoulos, D. DeKee, "Yield Stress measurement of Silicon Nitride Suspensions," Can. J. Chem. Eng., 80, 1175-1180 (2002)

K. Papadopoulos, "ChE Department: Tulane University," Chem. Eng. Ed., 36, 88-93 (2002)

C. J. Davis, E. Eschenazi, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Combined Effects of Ca2+ and Humic Acid on Colloid Transport through Porous Media," Colloid Polymer Sci., 280, 52-58 (2002)

L. Wen, R. C. Wu, E. Eschenazi, K. D. Papadopoulos, "AFM of Amidine Latex Particles Attachment on Mica," Colloids Surfaces A. Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 197, 157-165 (2002)

K. D. Papadopoulos, "Simple Uses of Laplace Transforms in Transient Transport Problems," Chem. Eng. Ed., 35, 238-242 (2001)

L. Zhu, N. Sun, K. D. Papadopoulos, D. DeKee, "A Slotted Plate Device for Measuring Static Yield Stress," J. Rheology, 45, 1105-1122 (2001)

L. Wen, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Effects of Osmotic Pressure on Water Transport in W1/O/W2 Emulsions," J. Colloid Interface Sci., 235, 398-404 (2001)

R. C. Wu, C. B. Campbell, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Acid-Neutralizing of Marine Cylinder Lubricants: Effects of Nonionic Surfactants," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 39, 3926-3931 (2000)

L. Wen, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Effects of Surfactants on Water Transport in W1/O/W2 Emulsions," Langmuir, 16, 7612-7617, (2000)

L. Wen, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Visualization of Water Transport in W1/O/W2 Emulsions," Colloids Surfaces A. Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 174, 159-167 (2000)

A. Liu, R. C. Wu, E. Eschenazi, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Atomic Force Microscopy of Humic Acid Adsorption on Mica," Colloids Surfaces A. Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 174, 245-252 (2000)

R. C. Wu, C. B. Campbell, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Marine Cylinder Lubricants: Acid-Neutralizing Ability and Effects of Dispersants," AIChE J, 46, 1471-1477 (2000)

R. C. Wu, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Electroosmotic Flow through Porous Media: Cylindrical and Annular Models," Colloids Surfaces A. Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 161, 469-476 (2000)

P. Zhu, Q. Wang, Y. A. Jaimes-Lizcano, and K. Papadopoulos, "Packed-Bed Capillary Microscopy on BP-Oil-Spill Oil in Porous Media," in Oil Spill Remediation: Colloid Chemistry-Based Principles and Solutions, editors: P Somasundaran, P. Partha, R.S. Farinato and K. Papadopoulos, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014, pp. 189-219.

Y. A. Jaimes-Lizcano, D. D. Hunn, and K. D. Papadopoulos, "Filamentous Escherichia coli cells swimming in tapered microcapillaries," Research in Microbiology, vol. 165, pp. 166-174 (2014).

M. Garcia-Bermudes, R. Rausa, K. Papadopoulos, "Formation of Colloidal Shells on Acidic Droplets Undergoing Neutralization in Marine Diesel Engine Cylinder Oils," Tribol Lett, 51, 85-92 (2013)

Y.A. Jaimes-Lizcano, Q. Wang, E.C. Rojas, K.D. Papadopoulos, "Evaporative destabilization of double emulsions for effective triggering of release," Colloids Surfaces A. Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 423, 81-88 (2013)

Y.F. Duan, S.R. Deshiikan, K.D. Papadopoulos "Video microscopic high-temperature measurement of surface tension," J. Colloid Interface Sci., 395, 249-255 (2013)

M. Armbruster, E. Grimley, J. Rodriguez, D. Nacionales, P. Efron, L. Moldawer, K. Papadopoulos, R. Ungaro, A. Cuenca, C. Simpkins, "Soybean oil: a potentially new intravascular perfusate," Perfusion, 28, 160-166 (2013)

P. Zhu, L. R. Pratt, and K. D. Papadopoulos, "Pairing of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium and tetrafluoroborate ions in n-pentanol," J. Chem. Phys. 137, 174501 (2012)

P. Zhu, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Visualization and quantification of two-phase flow in transparent miniature packed beds," Physical Review E 86, 046313 (2012)

Q. Wang, Edith C. Rojas, Kyriakos D. Papadopoulos, "Cationic liposomes in double emulsions for controlled release," J. Colloid Interface Sci., 383, 89-95 (2012)

M. Garcia-Bermudes, R. Rausa, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Vertically-Oriented-Capillary Video-Microscopy: Drops Levitated by a (Reacting) Fluid," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 50, 14142-14147 (2011)

Q. Wang, Y.A. Jaimes Lizcano, L. B. Lawson, V. T. John, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Improved Dermal Delivery of FITC–BSA Using a Combination of Passive and Active Methods," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100, 4804–4814 (2011)

Y.A. Jaimes Lizcano, L. B. Lawson, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Oil-Frozen W1/O/W2 Double Emulsions for Dermal Biomacromolecular Delivery Containing Ethanol as Chemical Penetration Enhancer," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100, 1398–1406 (2011)

L. J. Thibodeaux, K. T. Valsaraj, V. T. John, K. D. Papadopoulos, L. R. Pratt, N. S. Pesika, "Marine Oil Fate: Knowledge Gaps, Basic Research, and Development Needs: A Perspective Based on the Deepwater Horizon Spill," Env. Eng. Sc., 28, 87-93, (2011)

P. Zhu, X. You, L. R. Pratt, K. D. Papadopoulos, "Generalizations of the Fuoss Approximation for Ion Pairing," J. Chem. Phys., 134, 054502 (2011)